A case study on the ecosystem for local production of pharmaceuticals, vaccines and biologicals: the Nigeria context
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World Health Organization
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xv, 67 p.
Nigeria remains heavily dependent on imported vaccines and a large proportion of its pharmaceutical products despite having a sizeable and growing pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. This case study examines the ecosystem for local production of pharmaceuticals, vaccines and biologicals in Nigeria, with particular attention to preparedness for vaccine manufacturing and participation in the WHO mRNA technology transfer initiative. Based on a review of literature, policies and strategic documents, questionnaires administered to pharmaceutical manufacturers, and consultations with key stakeholders, the report assesses the policy environment, financing mechanisms, regulatory capacity, research and development infrastructure, intellectual property framework, technology transfer opportunities and market conditions relevant to local production. The analysis highlights existing strengths, including a functional pharmaceutical manufacturing sector, supportive national policies and an increasingly mature regulatory system, while identifying persistent challenges such as dependence on imported inputs, inadequate financing, infrastructure constraints, limited policy implementation and insufficient support for research and development. The publication also reviews national strategies and partner-supported initiatives aimed at strengthening local production and re-establishing vaccine manufacturing capacity. It concludes with recommendations to enhance coordination, investment, regulatory capacity and innovation in support of sustainable local production, improved access to quality-assured health products and greater health security in Nigeria.
Nigeria remains heavily dependent on imported vaccines and a large proportion of its pharmaceutical products despite having a sizeable and growing pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. This case study examines the ecosystem for local production of pharmaceuticals, vaccines and biologicals in Nigeria, with particular attention to preparedness for vaccine manufacturing and participation in the WHO mRNA technology transfer initiative. Based on a review of literature, policies and strategic documents, questionnaires administered to pharmaceutical manufacturers, and consultations with key stakeholders, the report assesses the policy environment, financing mechanisms, regulatory capacity, research and development infrastructure, intellectual property framework, technology transfer opportunities and market conditions relevant to local production. The analysis highlights existing strengths, including a functional pharmaceutical manufacturing sector, supportive national policies and an increasingly mature regulatory system, while identifying persistent challenges such as dependence on imported inputs, inadequate financing, infrastructure constraints, limited policy implementation and insufficient support for research and development. The publication also reviews national strategies and partner-supported initiatives aimed at strengthening local production and re-establishing vaccine manufacturing capacity. It concludes with recommendations to enhance coordination, investment, regulatory capacity and innovation in support of sustainable local production, improved access to quality-assured health products and greater health security in Nigeria.
Keywords
Ecosystem, Drug Industry, Manufacturing and Industrial Facilities, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Drugs, Essential, Vaccines, Biological Products, Vaccine-Preventable Diseases, Communicable Diseases, Technology Transfer, Government, Organizational Case Studies, Nigeria, supply and distribution, statistics and numerical data