Genome-wide association meta-analysis of age at onset of walking in over 70,000 infants of European ancestry.

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dc.creatorGui, Anna
dc.creatorHollowell, Anja
dc.creatorWigdor, Emilie M
dc.creatorMorgan, Morgan J
dc.creatorHannigan, Laurie J
dc.creatorCorfield, Elizabeth C
dc.creatorOdintsova, Veronika
dc.creatorHottenga, Jouke-Jan
dc.creatorWong, Andrew
dc.creatorPool, René
dc.creatorCullen, Harriet
dc.creatorWilson, Siân
dc.creatorWarrier, Varun
dc.creatorEilertsen, Espen M
dc.creatorAndreassen, Ole A
dc.creatorMiddeldorp, Christel M
dc.creatorSt Pourcain, Beate
dc.creatorBartels, Meike
dc.creatorBoomsma, Dorret I
dc.creatorHartman, Catharina A
dc.creatorRobinson, Elise B
dc.creatorArichi, Tomoki
dc.creatorEdwards, Anthony D
dc.creatorJohnson, Mark H
dc.creatorDudbridge, Frank
dc.creatorSanders, Stephan J
dc.creatorHavdahl, Alexandra
dc.creatorRonald, Angelica
dc.date2025-07-23T14:59:22Z
dc.date2025-07
dc.date2024-09-23
dc.date2025-07-23T14:59:21Z
dc.date.accessioned2026-08-02T20:03:57Z
dc.descriptionFunder: South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority (#2019097,#2022083)
dc.descriptionFunder: South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority (#2021045)
dc.descriptionFunder: HC is an academic clinical lecturer in Clinical Genetics at Kings College London and her research is supported by the NIHR.
dc.descriptionFunder: UKRI (10063472)
dc.descriptionFunder: KG Jebsen Stiftelsen
dc.descriptionFunder: European Research Council Consolidator Grant (771057) NWO Vici scheme (VI.C.211.054 504)
dc.descriptionFunder: KNAW Academy Professor Award (PAH/6635)
dc.descriptionFunder: South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority (#2020022; #2019097)
dc.descriptionAge at onset of walking is an important early childhood milestone which is used clinically and in public health screening. In this genome-wide association study meta-analysis of age at onset of walking (N = 70,560 European-ancestry infants), we identified 11 independent genome-wide significant loci. SNP-based heritability was 24.13% (95% confidence intervals = 21.86-26.40) with ~11,900 variants accounting for about 90% of it, suggesting high polygenicity. One of these loci, in gene RBL2, co-localized with an expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) in the brain. Age at onset of walking (in months) was negatively genetically correlated with ADHD and body-mass index, and positively genetically correlated with brain gyrification in both infant and adult brains. The polygenic score showed out-of-sample prediction of 3-5.6%, confirmed as largely due to direct effects in sib-pair analyses, and was separately associated with volume of neonatal brain structures involved in motor control. This study offers biological insights into a key behavioural marker of neurodevelopment.
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dc.identifier2397-3374
dc.identifiers41562-025-02145-1
dc.identifier2145
dc.identifierhttps://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/387394
dc.identifier2397-3374
dc.identifier.urihttps://repo.dare.co.zw/handle/123456789/81881
dc.languageen
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherSpringer Nature
dc.publisherhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-025-02145-1
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectGenome-Wide Association Study
dc.subjectWhite People
dc.subjectInfant
dc.subjectWalking
dc.subjectPolymorphism, Single Nucleotide
dc.subjectMultifactorial Inheritance
dc.subjectMale
dc.subjectFemale
dc.subjectQuantitative Trait Loci
dc.subjectAge of Onset
dc.subjectBrain
dc.subjectAttention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
dc.subjectBody Mass Index
dc.titleGenome-wide association meta-analysis of age at onset of walking in over 70,000 infants of European ancestry.
dc.typeArticle

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