The dynamic changes and sex differences of 147 immune-related proteins during acute COVID-19 in 580 individuals.

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dc.creatorButler-Laporte, Guillaume
dc.creatorGonzalez-Kozlova, Edgar
dc.creatorSu, Chen-Yang
dc.creatorZhou, Sirui
dc.creatorNakanishi, Tomoko
dc.creatorBrunet-Ratnasingham, Elsa
dc.creatorMorrison, David
dc.creatorLaurent, Laetitia
dc.creatorAfilalo, Jonathan
dc.creatorAfilalo, Marc
dc.creatorHenry, Danielle
dc.creatorChen, Yiheng
dc.creatorCarrasco-Zanini, Julia
dc.creatorFarjoun, Yossi
dc.creatorPietzner, Maik
dc.creatorKimchi, Nofar
dc.creatorAfrasiabi, Zaman
dc.creatorRezk, Nardin
dc.creatorBouab, Meriem
dc.creatorPetitjean, Louis
dc.creatorGuzman, Charlotte
dc.creatorXue, Xiaoqing
dc.creatorTselios, Chris
dc.creatorVulesevic, Branka
dc.creatorAdeleye, Olumide
dc.creatorAbdullah, Tala
dc.creatorAlmamlouk, Noor
dc.creatorMoussa, Yara
dc.creatorDeLuca, Chantal
dc.creatorDuggan, Naomi
dc.creatorSchurr, Erwin
dc.creatorBrassard, Nathalie
dc.creatorDurand, Madeleine
dc.creatorDel Valle, Diane Marie
dc.creatorThompson, Ryan
dc.creatorCedillo, Mario A
dc.creatorSchadt, Eric
dc.creatorNie, Kai
dc.creatorSimons, Nicole W
dc.creatorMouskas, Konstantinos
dc.creatorZaki, Nicolas
dc.creatorPatel, Manishkumar
dc.creatorXie, Hui
dc.creatorHarris, Jocelyn
dc.creatorMarvin, Robert
dc.creatorCheng, Esther
dc.creatorTuballes, Kevin
dc.creatorArgueta, Kimberly
dc.creatorScott, Ieisha
dc.creatorGreenwood, Celia M T
dc.creatorPaterson, Clare
dc.creatorHinterberg, Michael
dc.creatorLangenberg, Claudia
dc.creatorForgetta, Vincenzo
dc.creatorMooser, Vincent
dc.creatorMarron, Thomas
dc.creatorBeckmann, Noam
dc.creatorKenigsberg, Ephraim
dc.creatorCharney, Alexander W
dc.creatorKim-Schulze, Seunghee
dc.creatorMerad, Miriam
dc.creatorKaufmann, Daniel E
dc.creatorGnjatic, Sacha
dc.creatorRichards, J Brent
dc.date2022-10-31T02:03:10Z
dc.date2022-10-31T02:03:10Z
dc.date2022-09-28
dc.date2022-10-31T02:03:10Z
dc.date.accessioned2026-08-03T02:46:06Z
dc.description<h4>Introduction</h4>Severe COVID-19 leads to important changes in circulating immune-related proteins. To date it has been difficult to understand their temporal relationship and identify cytokines that are drivers of severe COVID-19 outcomes and underlie differences in outcomes between sexes. Here, we measured 147 immune-related proteins during acute COVID-19 to investigate these questions.<h4>Methods</h4>We measured circulating protein abundances using the SOMAscan nucleic acid aptamer panel in two large independent hospital-based COVID-19 cohorts in Canada and the United States. We fit generalized additive models with cubic splines from the start of symptom onset to identify protein levels over the first 14 days of infection which were different between severe cases and controls, adjusting for age and sex. Severe cases were defined as individuals with COVID-19 requiring invasive or non-invasive mechanical respiratory support.<h4>Results</h4>580 individuals were included in the analysis. Mean subject age was 64.3 (sd 18.1), and 47% were male. Of the 147 proteins, 69 showed a significant difference between cases and controls (p < 3.4 × 10<sup>-4</sup>). Three clusters were formed by 108 highly correlated proteins that replicated in both cohorts, making it difficult to determine which proteins have a true causal effect on severe COVID-19. Six proteins showed sex differences in levels over time, of which 3 were also associated with severe COVID-19: CCL26, IL1RL2, and IL3RA, providing insights to better understand the marked differences in outcomes by sex.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Severe COVID-19 is associated with large changes in 69 immune-related proteins. Further, five proteins were associated with sex differences in outcomes. These results provide direct insights into immune-related proteins that are strongly influenced by severe COVID-19 infection.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.identifier1542-6416
dc.identifierPMC9516500
dc.identifier36171541
dc.identifierhttps://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/342689
dc.identifier10.17863/CAM.90104
dc.identifier.urihttps://repo.dare.co.zw/handle/123456789/168985
dc.languageeng
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International
dc.rightshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.sourceessn: 1559-0275
dc.sourcenlmid: 101184586
dc.subjectProteomics
dc.subjectImmunity
dc.subjectSomascan
dc.subjectCovid-19
dc.titleThe dynamic changes and sex differences of 147 immune-related proteins during acute COVID-19 in 580 individuals.
dc.typeArticle

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