Preventing HIV through safe voluntary medical male circumcision for adolescent boys and men in generalized HIV epidemics: recommendations and key considerations: web annex 2.3 part 1. WHO guidance on voluntary medical male circumcision for HIV prevention among adolescent boys and men: literature reviews for PICO questions 1–3
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World Health Organization
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69 p.
This web annex presents the full literature reviews supporting PICO questions 1–3 developed for the update of the WHO guideline on voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) for HIV prevention among adolescent boys and men in generalized HIV epidemics. The report compiles evidence identified through systematic literature searches to inform the GRADE Evidence-to-Decision framework beyond clinical effectiveness, focusing on values and preferences, acceptability, resource use, health equity and feasibility. It describes the review methodology, including search strategies, eligibility criteria, evidence synthesis and the scope of the literature assessed for each PICO question covering conventional VMMC, device-based VMMC and the timing of circumcision in younger adolescent boys. The annex provides narrative syntheses of the evidence for each PICO question, examining stakeholder perspectives, implementation barriers and facilitators, programme costs, equity considerations and operational feasibility across diverse settings. It includes summaries of the available evidence, supporting tables, references and appendices containing the complete search strategies. The report serves as the methodological evidence base underpinning the corresponding WHO recommendations and key considerations on voluntary medical male circumcision for HIV prevention.
This web annex presents the full literature reviews supporting PICO questions 1–3 developed for the update of the WHO guideline on voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) for HIV prevention among adolescent boys and men in generalized HIV epidemics. The report compiles evidence identified through systematic literature searches to inform the GRADE Evidence-to-Decision framework beyond clinical effectiveness, focusing on values and preferences, acceptability, resource use, health equity and feasibility. It describes the review methodology, including search strategies, eligibility criteria, evidence synthesis and the scope of the literature assessed for each PICO question covering conventional VMMC, device-based VMMC and the timing of circumcision in younger adolescent boys. The annex provides narrative syntheses of the evidence for each PICO question, examining stakeholder perspectives, implementation barriers and facilitators, programme costs, equity considerations and operational feasibility across diverse settings. It includes summaries of the available evidence, supporting tables, references and appendices containing the complete search strategies. The report serves as the methodological evidence base underpinning the corresponding WHO recommendations and key considerations on voluntary medical male circumcision for HIV prevention.